Journal of SAGO Gizi dan Kesehatan (Nutrition and Health) is a peer-reviewed journal of a scientific nature contained in the Polytechnic of Health Ministry of Health of Aceh, who publish high quality of nutrition and health-related individuals, populations, groups and communities who are vulnerable to malnutrition and health and risk issues. The scope of the journal study associated issues of nutrition, food technology, nutrition and maternal and child health, environmental health, hygiene and sanitation, oral health, treatment of individuals/families and communities, and safety of medical drugs.
Every article or scientific paper published in the SAGO Gizi dan Kesehatan Journal remains the copyright of the respective authors. The publisher retains the right to edit certain parts of the text, provided that such edits do not alter the substantive content of the article. After the publication process is completed by the SAGO Gizi dan Kesehatan Journal, the authors retain full copyright ownership of their work without restriction. This policy affirms and supports the authors’ rights to maintain complete and unrestricted control over their intellectual property. The statement also supports the authors to maintain the right of limitation without limitation. This copyright notice is under the license agreement: Creation is distributed under License Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
Pengaruh penambahan tepung ampas kelapa terhadap daya terima dan komposisi gizi pada nugget udang
Background: Nuggets are made from animal-based ingredients such as meat, chicken, fish and others. Nuggets are usually served in a rectangular shape. To add nutritional value to this shrimp nugget, it is formulated with coconut pulp flour which has good nutritional content for the body. Coconut pulp flour has a high food fiber content. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of coconut pulp flour on the acceptability and nutritional content of shrimp nuggets with the addition of 20, 40, and 60 grams of coconut pulp flour to shrimp nuggets whether it affects the acceptance of nuggets in terms of color, taste, aroma, and texture, as well as their chemical quality in terms of water content, ash, carbohydrates, fat, and protein. Methods: This research is experimental in nature with the experimental design used being a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Non Factorial, namely by carrying out three treatments and three repetitions (3 x 3 = 9 experimental units). The variables studied in this study were organoleptic tests which included (color, aroma, texture, taste) and Proximate Tests (water content, ash content, Protein, Fat, Fiber and Carbohydrate content) of Shrimp Nuggets. Results: The addition of coconut pulp flour to shrimp nuggets significantly changed their color, scent, and texture, but had no discernible influence on their flavor, according to organoleptic tests. Adding 20 grams of coconut pulp flour is the most beloved part in terms of appearance, smell, flavor, and crumbiness. Adding coconut pulp flour to shrimp nuggets changed their water, ash, fat, and protein content significantly, but their carbohydrate content remained unaffected in the chemical characteristics test. Conclusion: The addition of coconut husk flour to nuggets had a significant effect on the color of the nuggets produced with a P value of 0,001, on the aroma of the nuggets produced with a P value of 0,003, on the texture of the nuggets produced with a P value of 0,002, and had no significant effect on the taste of the nuggets produced with a P value of 0,066. The results of the chemical property test showed that the addition of coconut husk flour had a significant effect on moisture content, ash content, fat, protein, and fiber, and no significant effect on carbohydrates.
Copyright (c) 2025 Abdul Hadi, Cintia Balqis Dewirna http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan status antropometri dan kebiasaan olahraga dengan kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di RSUD Dr. Moewardi
Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic syndrome disease characterized by high blood sugar levels influenced by obesity and physical inactivity. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) and neck circumference are proven to detect central obesity. Good exercise habits can control blood sugar levels. Objective: to determine the assosiation between anthropometric status (BMI, waist circumference, WtHR, neck circumference) and exercise habits with blood sugar levels in T2DM patients. Methods: This study is a quantitative observational study with a cross sectional design in 102 T2DM patients internal medicine polyclinic at Dr. Moewardi Hospital through purposive sampling. Anthropometric status data were collected by direct measurement, exercise habits were measured using Baecke's exercise habits questionnaire, and blood sugar level data were obtained from patient medical records. The correlation test used the spearman test with a 95% confidence level. Multivariate test using multiple linear regression. Results: There was no assosiation between BMI, neck circumference and fasting blood sugar levels ( p=0,153; p=0,179). There is a significant assosiation between waist circumference, WtHR, exercise habits with fasting blood sugar levels (p=0,004; p=0,003; p=0,000). Waist circumference, WtHR and exercise habits have a significant effect on fasting blood sugar levels (p=0,001). Conclusion: There is a significant assosiation between waist circumference, WtHR and exercise habits on fasting blood sugar levels, while BMI is not significant.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cindy Luthfian Ayu Mega Safinaz, Arwin Muhlishoh, Dewi Kusumawati http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Asam amino rantai cabang terhadap status gizi, dan perubahan metabolik pada penyakit hati: Sebuah tinjauan sistematis
Background: Liver diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cirrhosis are influenced by factors like viral infections, alcohol, immune dysfunction, genetic predisposition, and metabolic factors. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)—leucine, isoleucine, and valine—are vital for protein metabolism and liver function. The role of BCAAs in liver disease and metabolic changes requires further study. Objectives: To evaluate the role of BCAAs in nutritional status and metabolic changes in liver disease through a systematic review. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA protocol. Literature was searched on Google Scholar for publications from 2019 to 2024. Studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Descriptive analysis summarized the findings, and statistical tests evaluated the relationship between BCAA consumption or supplementation and liver disease progression. Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. High BCAA consumption was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD (OR = 1,32, p < 0,001). In contrast, BCAA supplementation improved MELD and CP scores in cirrhotic patients. Elevated BCAA levels were also linked to a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (OR = 1,60, 95% CI = 1,14-2,23, p = 0,006). Conclusions: BCAA supplementation may help slow cirrhosis progression and improve sarcopenia and liver function. However, its use should be tailored to avoid adverse effects. More research is needed to explore long-term effects on liver disease.
Copyright (c) 2025 Carissa Wityadarda, Ester Hanantika Immanuella, Fernando Diaz Ndopo, Teresa Ester, Sarah Damayanti, Yuli Berliana http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Peningkatan fungsional bedak dayak dengan ekstrak daun sirih hutan gambut Kalimantan Tengah (Piper aduncum) sebagai anti dengue
Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) was disease caused by a virustransmitted the Aedes aegypti. One of the products with local wisdom that prevented DHF was the formulation of dayak powder from sirih hutan leaves. Based on phytochemical, contained terpenoids and flavonoids. Objectives: This study aims to identifythe group of antidengue compounds, determine the formula and evaluate the preparation of topical formulation. Methods: The research design used a pre experimentaldesign with variations and formula development, was conducted at the Biomedical Laboratory FK and PPIIG UPR in August-November 2024. Ethanol extract was obtained using the maceration for 3x24 hours, evaporated using a rotary evaporator and contained 132,5059 g. The extract was analyzed using GC-MS, then formulated with dayak powder and a physical test. Data were analyzed using the One Way Anova statistical test and continued Tukey's post hoc at 95% CI. Results: Sample showed 52 peak areas representing 7 possible identified compounds with a percentage of similarity> 70% (GC-MS). Then the five formulas were physically tested. The results of organoleptic and pH all formulas produced powder aromatic, green, and the criteria of skin pH range (4,5-6,5). The 5th formula showed better results based on the flow time test (5,46 seconds), the settling test produced 3,5-6% (<10%), adhesion test, smoothness, and hedonic. Based on data analysis with One Way Anova, a significant difference was produced in each dayak powder formula (pvalue=0,05). Conclusion: Ethanol extract of sirih hutan leaves has 7 possible compounds with antidengue activity and the 5th formula has better physical test results.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sudarman Rahman, Yahya Febrianto, Awalul Fatiqin, Tiya Sulistia, Rokiy Alfanaar, Mu’afa Purwa Arsana, Thathit Suprayogi, Galang Rizdho Desindria, Shesanthi Citrariana http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan asupan energi, waktu pemberian MP-ASI, dan panjang badan lahir dengan kejadian stunting pada batita di Desa Mojokerto: Studi Potong Lintang
Background: Stunting remains an unresolved nutritional problem in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 21,5% in 2023. Mojokerto Village is one of the areas with a high prevalence, reaching 30%. Factors suspected to be associated with stunting in Mojokerto Village include energy intake, timing of complementary feeding, and birth length. However, to date, no study has simultaneously examined the relationship between energy intake, timing of complementary feeding, and birth length with stunting in this area. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between energy intake, the timing of complementary feeding, and birth length with the incidence of stunting among toddlers in Mojokerto. Methods: This research employs a quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional design. This study comprised 60 toddlers who satisfied the inclusion criteria. The SQ-FFQ questionnaire gathered information regarding food consumption, the timing of complementary feeding was acquired through interview, and birth length was taken from the MCH book. The nutritional status of toddlers was assessed using the WHO Anthro program, and the results were analyzed employing the α= 5% contingency coefficient test. Results: A correlation was identified between energy intake and the incidence of stunting in Mojoketo (p-value = 0,039). However, no association was found between the timing of complementary feeding and birth length with the incidence of stunting in Mojokerto (p-value = 0,235, p-value = 0,445). Conclusion: Energy intake correlates with stunting in toddlers in Mojokerto. The timing of complementary feeding and birth length were not correlated with stunting in Mojokerto.
Copyright (c) 2025 Windiarti Anisa Fitri, Indri Mulyasari http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Riwayat pemberian asi eksklusif pada anak usia 6-24 bulan dengan kejadian stunting di Kecamatan Semarang Utara
Background: The prevalence of stunting in the city of Semarang has not met the national target, which is still at 15,7%. the prevalence of stunting in the North Semarang sub-district is the highest in the city of Semarang, which is 18,5% of cases. This is in line with the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding which is still low. Exclusive breastfeeding is one of the factors that causes stunting in toddlers. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding in children aged 7-24 months and the incidence of stunting in North Semarang District. Methods: This study is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional study approach. The population in this study were all toddlers aged 7-24 months who live in North Semarang District, Semarang City, the research sample was 339 using the probability proportional to size (PPS) method. Data on the history of exclusive breastfeeding and stunting data were obtained from secondary data collected by cadres (Family Assistance Team) in each sub-district. Data on the history of exclusive breastfeeding and stunting data on toddlers were obtained by filling out questionnaires and interviews by TPK cadres with toddler mothers. Data analysis used the Spearman rank test. Result: The results of univariate analysis in this study obtained a total of 25,7% stunted toddlers and a history of exclusive breastfeeding of 62,2%. The results of statistical analysis using the Spearman rank test obtained a p-value of exclusive breastfeeding with stunting incidence of 0,769 (p-value> 0,05), P-value of maternal age with stunting incidence of 0,841 (p-value> 0,05), p-value of toddler age with stunting incidence of 0,145 (p-value> 0,05), p-value of gender with stunting incidence of 0,533 (p-value> 0,05), and p-value of family planning use of 0,376 (p-value> 0,05), indicating that there is no relationship between exclusive breastfeeding with stunting incidence, maternal age with stunting incidence, toddler age with stunting incidence, gender with stunting incidence and family planning use with stunting incidence in North Semarang District. Conclusion: Research shows that there is no relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting in North Semarang sub-district.
Copyright (c) 2025 Valentina Febri Marzaleva, Firmansyah Firmansyah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita usia 12–59 bulan di kota banjarbaru: studi kasus-kontrol
Background: Stunting is a growth failure condition in toddlers caused by chronic malnutrition, impacting physical and cognitive development as well as national productivity. In Banjarbaru City, stunting prevalence significantly decreased from 22,1% to 10,3% in 2023, likely due to factors such as high exclusive breastfeeding coverage, good maternal nutritional status, and adequate access to health services and sanitation. Objective: To analyze factors influencing the reduction of stunting in Banjarbaru City to support effective stunting prevention policies. Methods: The study was conducted in six public health center working areas with the lowest performance in Banjarbaru City in April 2024. This retrospective population-based case-control study involved children aged 12 to 59 months with stunting as cases and normal children as controls. Sample size was calculated using OpenEpi with a total of 78 samples in a 1:2 ratio. Cluster random sampling was used, and data were analyzed using chi-square tests or Fisher’s exact test when chi-square assumptions were not met. Results: The study found that only maternal anemia during pregnancy showed a significant association with stunting after controlling for other variables, with more than six times increased risk (aOR=6,54; 95% CI: 1,79–23,92; p=0,004). This indicates that maternal anemia is the dominant risk factor influencing stunting incidence in Banjarbaru. Conclusion: Maternal anemia affects stunting occurrence in Banjarbaru City, with pregnant women without anemia having a 7,5 times greater chance of having children who are not stunted.s.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rahmat Hidayat, Dicky Septiannoor Khaira, Putri Kartika Sari, Andri Nur Rahman, Puspawati http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perubahan frekuensi konsumsi makanan dan hubungannya dengan kerawanan pangan selama pandemi COVID-19 di Kota Yogyakarta: Studi Cross-Sectional
Background: The number of poor people in Yogyakarta City increased by 7,37% compared to the previous year in 2020 and 2021. The scale of household hunger in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province was 6% before the pandemic and increased during the pandemic to 11%. The research question of this study is whether there is a change in the frequency of food consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic in Yogyakarta City and whether there is a relationship between food insecurity and the frequency of food consumption in Yogyakarta City. Objectives: This study aims to compare the frequency of food consumption among Yogyakarta City people aged 20–54 before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study used cross-sectional design.The research was conducted in Yogyakarta City from February 2021 to February. There were 357 people involved in this study. The sample was selected using multistage random sampling.Data were collected using interview techniques and filling out respondent identity questionnaires, Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). Data were analyzed descriptively and analytically.The difference test used the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Relationship between food security status and frequency of food consumption during the COVID-19 Pandemic used the Spearman's rank Correlation Test. Results: The results showed that there was a difference in the frequency of consumption of vegetables and fruit between before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (p= 0,035; p=0,010). There was a significant relationship between food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic and the frequency of consumption of staple foods (p=0,04;r=-0,10), milk/dairy products (p=0,02;r=-0,12), meat (p=0,00,r=-0,28), fish/seafood (p=0,00;r=0,33), and fruit (p=0,00;r=-0,19). Conclusion: Fruit and vegetable consumption has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-pandemic levels. There was a significant relationship between food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic and the frequency of consumption of staple foods, milk, meat, fish/seafood, and fruit. Public health strategies should ensure access to affordable sources of animal for food-insecure populations during health crises.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hildagardis Meliyani Erista Nai http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Determinan perilaku makan sehat dan kecenderungan makan sehat pada mahasiswa
Background: As people graduate from high school and go on to college or the workforce, shift from youth to young adulthood signifies a transformation in their lives. They start to have more autonomy over their choices, including choosing their foods. Objectives: This study aimed to determine healthy eating habits and its correlation with the likelihood of healthy eating habits among college students Methods: This study is a cross sectional design conducted 384 college students of University of Borneo Tarakan in 2024 with Stratified Random Sampling technique from representative of each faculty. The questionnaire used The Eating Behavior Determinant with Health Belief Model Approach. All items was measured with a 7-point bipolar scale (-3 to 3). Data analysis using the Pearson test. Results: Predictors that have a significant relationship with The Likelihood of Healthy Eating with R2=0,654 R=0,809 are Self-Efficacy (b 0,46 95% CI 0,38-0,54), Food Intake Status (b 0,22 95% CI 0,15-0,29), Cues To Action (b 0,16 95% CI 0,08-0,25), Perceived Benefits (b 0,13 95% CI 0,06-0,19) and Understanding the Importance of Healthy Eating (b 0,10 95% CI 0,02-0,19), while that no significant relationship are Perceived Severity (b -0,019, p=0,584), Perceived Vulnerability (b -0,027, p=0,357), Perceived Barriers (b 0,002, p=0,961), Food Choices (b -0,059, p=0,178) . Conclusion: This study shows that various psychosocial and behavioral factors—including self-efficacy, food intake status, perceived benefits, and cues to action significantly influence healthy eating habits among college students and the Health Belief Model can explain 65,4% of the variation in healthy eating behavior among college students. Practical recommendations include developing campus programs that enhance self-efficacy through healthy food choice skills training.
Copyright (c) 2025 Andi Yuniarsy Hartika, Donny Tri Wahyudi, Ana Damayanti, Ayuk Cucuk Iskandar http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan kebiasaan konsumsi ultra-processed food dan lingkar pinggang terhadap tekanan darah dewasa 26-45 tahun di Puskesmas Kedungmundu
Background: In Indonesia, hypertension is major concern due to high mortality rate. Changes in lifestyle affect the increase in blood pressure. Blood pressure above normal is caused by several factors, including high consumption of Ultra-Processed Food (UPF) and waist circumference. Objectives: To determine the relationship between UPF consumption habits and waist circumference to blood pressure in adults 26 - 45 years of age at Kedungmundu Health Centre. Methods: Quantitative-correlative analytic observational method with cross-sectional approach in the working area of Kedungmundu Health Center, in November 2024 – February 2025. The variables studied included UPF consumption habits with modified Food Frequency Questionnaire, waist circumference with metlin, and blood pressure with digital tensimeter.The sample was 71 respondents using purposive sampling technique, Data analysis was performed univariate analysis using frequency distribution and bivariate with Chi-Square test (α = 5%). Results: The results showed 49,3% of respondents often consumed UPF, the waist circumference measurement results showed 74,6% of respondents were obese, and 67,6% of respondents had abnormal blood pressure. Statistical tests show there is no relationship between UPF consumption habits and blood pressure (p-value = 0,063. There is a relationship between waist circumference and blood pressure with a risk of 3,8 times greater than respondents who have a normal waist circumference size (p-value = 0,015; OR = 3,846). Conclusion: Waist circumference is related to adult blood pressure while UPF consumption habits are not related to increased adult blood pressure at Kedungmundu Health Centre.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nuzulia Nur Kurniawati, Aryanti Setyaningsih http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis kadar protein dan uji hedonik pada cookies berbasis tepung singkong dan tepung kacang hijau sebagai alternatif pmt untuk stunting
Background: Malnutrition in infants and children, especially those under five years old, can hinder physical and mental growth. The Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) reported that the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia in 2024 is 19,8%. Protein plays a role in the regeneration of damaged cells as well as the formation of important enzymes and hormones in the body. Cookies are a popular snack among the public, thus chosen as a medium for innovative nutritional intake for children in the form of Supplementary Feeding. Objectives: This study is to determine the most preferred cookie formulation with the highest protein content, which could serve as an alternative supplementary food to help prevent stunting in children. Methods: This research employed an experimental design using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to examine differences among cookie formulations and identify the best one. Four formulations are tested: 100% wheat flour (control), 75% cassava flour and 25% mung bean flour, 50% cassava flour and 50% mung bean flour, and 25% cassava flour and 75% mung bean flour. Organoleptic tests assessed appearance, aroma, color, taste, texture, and overall acceptability using a 5-point hedonic scale. The sensory evaluation involved 30 children as panelists. Protein content was analyzed using the Kjeldahl method at the Food Quality Analysis Laboratory of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Excel to identify significant differences among formulations. Results: Among the four formulations tested (F1, F2, F3, and F4), it was found that the highest protein content was in F3 (11,62%) with a cassava flour to mung bean flour ratio of 50:50, while in the hedonic evaluation, Formula 3 received the highest average score for the taste attribute (4.46) and was the most preferred after the control (F1) in the overall attribute (4,40). Conclusion: The best formulation was F3, with a protein content of 11,62%, the highest among all samples. Although F3 ranked second in the acceptance test, after the control (F1), it holds strong potential as an alternative locally based supplementary food (PMT) due to its nutritional value.
Copyright (c) 2025 Khairunnisa Aulia, Sudrajah Warajati Kisnawaty, Pramudya Kurnia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengembangan aplikasi android ‘EDD-N’ untuk deteksi dini penyakit neonatus: Sebuah Penelitian dan Pengembangan
Background: Early detection of neonatal diseases can be done at home to prevent disease, reduce the burden of treatment, and reduce the risk of death. Neonates are susceptible to infection, so an application is needed to easily and quickly recognize the early symptoms of disease. This research does not support the local language, making it difficult for some mothers who are accustomed to using the local language. Method: The Research and Development (R&D) study design resulted in the development of an Android-based prototype application titled “Early Detection of Neonatal Diseases” (EDD-N). The steps in creating the application included: Focus Group Discussion (FGD), application concept design, development of the EDD-N application in collaboration with PT Bumantara Transformasi Digital, and feasibility testing. The research was conducted in Langsa City, Aceh Province, from June 3 to August 30, 2023. The number of respondents for each FGD and feasibility testing was 15 and 40 respondents, respectively. Feasibility testing used a Likert scale questionnaire with analysis in two stages. Results: The “Early Detection of Neonatal Diseases” (EDD-N) Android-based application consists of a main page titled “My Baby.” The application includes the health history of the mother and child, disease education comprising definitions, signs, and symptoms, and disease management. The content is presented in the form of images, videos, and narratives. Early detection is conducted via a questionnaire. The app's users include the general public, community health workers, healthcare professionals, and IT personnel. Users are rewarded with certificates, and the app's closing screen displays a logout menu. The usability test results for the EDD-N Android app from stage 1 to stage 2 yielded a value of 1.9. The p-value was 0,0001. The change in the EDD-N app process from stage 1 to stage 2 was 1.7. P-value 0,0001 (<0,05). Conclusion: The EDD-N app can be used for early detection of neonatal diseases.
Copyright (c) 2025 Magfirah, Idwar, Anita, Nurlaili Ramli, Nora Veri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis kandungan siklamat, metanil yellow dan rhodamin b pada makanan dan minuman di Cikarang
Background: Food Additives (BTP) are substances that are intentionally added to improve food quality without providing nutritional value, examples of BTP are artificial sweeteners and dyes such as cyclamate, metanil yellow, and rhodamin B which focus on identifying their content in food and beverages in Cikarang. The research was conducted in Cikarang, which is an area with high population density and rapid economic activity. Objectives: Analyzing the content of cyclamate, metanil yellow, and rhodamine B in food and beverages in Cikarang. Methods: The experimental research design used accidental sampling with a sample size of 20 for the cyclamate test, 15 for the rhodamine B and methanyl yellow tests. Sampling was tested directly with the Test Kit brand labstest for the cyclamate, metanil yellow, and rhodamine B tests carried out at the Integrated Chemistry Laboratory at Suherman Medika University. Data collection was carried out in April 2025. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, namely showing the percentage of food and beverage content containing artificial sweeteners cyclamate and dyes metanil yellow and rhodamine B. Results: The results of the study showed that of the 20 samples tested for cyclamate, 7 samples were positive (35%) indicated by the presence of white sediment in the sample, 15 samples tested for metanil yellow did not contain metanil yellow in the sample, and 15 samples tested for rhodamine B, 2 samples were positive (13,3%) indicated by a pink color change in the sample. Conclusion: The results of the study confirmed that there were indications of the content of artificial sweeteners cyclamate, and dyes metanil yellow, and rhodamin B in several samples of food and beverages sold in the Cikarang area.
Copyright (c) 2025 Widya Lestari Nurpratama, Utami Putri Kinayungan, Deni Alamsah, Dandi Sanjaya, Nur Fauzia Asmi, Mahfuzhoh Fadillah Heryanda http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis dimensi iklim keselamatan terhadap keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit
Background: Patient safety is a crucial aspect of healthcare systems, reflecting the quality and effectiveness of services. Despite technological advancements, patient safety incidents continue to be a significant global challenge. A total of 5,710 patient safety incidents were recorded in Indonesia in 2023. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the dominant factors that are significantly related to patient safety and provide evidence-based strategies for healthcare facilities to improve safety protocols. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed using secondary data from the Hospital Accreditation Committee (KARS). A sample of 178 hospitals was purposively selected in the Greater Jakarta area, operating continuously, and registered in the KARS database for the period 2018–2020. Independent variables included hospital characteristics and safety climate dimensions. Bivariate analysis used chi-square, and multivariate analysis used multiple logistic regression. Results: Multivariate analysis shows that the dominant factors associated with patient safety are reporting and organizational learning. Hospitals with poor reporting had 3,3 times higher odds of experiencing poor/adverse patient safety outcomes. Hospitals with poor organizational learning had 2,3 times higher odds of experiencing poor/adverse patient safety outcomes. Conclusion: Strengthening reporting mechanisms and fostering an organizational learning climate are important strategies for improving patient safety. Hospitals need to prioritize these factors while continuing to pay attention to teamwork and communication through the development of non-punitive reporting systems, training staff in reflective learning, and integrating reporting into KARS to create a safer healthcare environment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Duta Liana, Fifi Dwijayanti, Nuraini Fauziah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Status gizi siswa sekolah dasar sebelum program makan bergizi gratis di SD Negeri Inpres Skouw Sae Kota Jayapura
Background: The nutritional status of elementary school children is an important indicator of health and human resource capacity. Baseline data are needed prior to the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG), particularly in border areas facing limited food access, logistical distribution challenges, and socio-economic disparities compared to urban regions. Such data are also relevant to support national policies on stunting reduction and the MBG program as a government strategy to improve child nutrition. Objectives: To describe the nutritional status of students at SD Negeri Skouw Sae and analyze its association with sex, age, ethnicity, recent illness, and parental occupation, while providing baseline data for evaluating the effectiveness of the MBG program in border areas. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 121 active students. Inclusion criteria were all actively enrolled students, while exclusion criteria included children with chronic diseases that might affect anthropometric measurements. Nutritional status was assessed using Body Mass Index-for-Age (BMI-for-Age) based on WHO 2007 standards. This indicator was chosen because it is practical for school-based surveillance, reliable for assessing school-age children’s nutrition, and internationally recommended as a primary parameter for nutrition monitoring. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of α=0,05 in SPSS version 22. Results: Most students (89,3%) had good nutritional status, while 10,7% were classified as undernourished. Bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test did not reveal significant associations between nutritional status and sex, age, ethnicity, parental occupation, or recent illness. These findings are descriptive and should be interpreted with caution, as the analysis did not control for covariates. Conclusion: The majority of students at SD Negeri Skouw Sae had good nutritional status (89,3%) prior to the implementation of the MBG program. No significant associations were found between nutritional status and demographic factors (sex, age, ethnicity, parental occupation) or short-term health factors (recent illness). These descriptive findings provide important baseline data for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of the MBG program in border areas of Papua and highlight the need for further studies considering dietary intake and school environment factors.
Copyright (c) 2025 Syaharuddin Nur, Maxsi Irmanto, Mona Safitri Fatiah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efektivitas alat pengontrol porsi makan dalam menurunkan asupan energi dan lemak pada remaja obesitas sentral
Background: Central obesity is one of the major risk factors for degenerative diseases. A health transition is currently occurring, in which central obesity continues to increase in developing countries such as Indonesia. Among adolescents aged >15 years, the prevalence of central obesity rose from 31% in 2018 to 36,8%. Adolescents with central obesity have an 80% likelihood of becoming obese in adulthood and a 75% increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus. The rising prevalence of central obesity in adolescents reflects a dietary shift from traditional diets rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to energy-dense diets high in added sugars, refined carbohydrates, saturated fats, fast foods, and low fiber intake. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a portion size control on energy and fat intake among adolescents with central obesity. Methods: This study employed a true experimental design with a pre-posttest control group. The study subjects were adolescents aged 16–18 years from senior high schools that provided lunch programs. Participants were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 106 students were recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 53) or the control group (n = 53). The independent variable was the portion control tool, and the dependent variables were dietary energy and fat intake. Bivariate data analysis was performed using paired t-test for within-group comparisons and independent t-test for between-group comparisons to evaluate the intervention effects. Results: In the intervention group, the portion control tool was effective in reducing energy intake (p = 0,004) and fat intake (p = 0,024). When compared to the control group, the intervention group showed a greater reduction in energy and fat intake (p = 0,028; p = 0,004, respectively). Conclusion: The use of a portion control tool improved energy and fat intake among adolescents with central obesity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Egy Sunanda Putra, Ary Irfan, Agus Al Rahmad, Dahliansyah Dahliansyah http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Determinan stunting pada anak usia di bawah lima tahun di Aceh: Analisis data SUSENAS dan SSGBI 2019
Background: Stunting in children under five years of age is a chronic nutritional problem that has long-term impacts on the quality of physical growth and cognitive development of children. Aceh has recorded a high prevalence of stunting (SSGBI 2019:34,18%); however, studies that integrate national data to identify actionable local determinants remain limited. Objective: To identify factors associated with stunting among children under five years of age in Aceh and determine the dominant factors that could become the focus of local policy interventions. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed secondary data from the 2019 Susenas and SSGBI. The sample was selected as a subset of all households in Aceh Province that were recorded in both surveys and met the inclusion criteria (children aged 0–59 months with complete anthropometric and related variable data), resulting in 1,019 children in 2019. Multistage stratified cluster sampling was conducted by the BPS and Ministry of Health. Stratified data from Aceh Province were used for this analysis. The analysis included descriptive analysis, bivariate tests (chi-square), and multivariate logistic regression to identify determinant factors (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR], 95% confidence level). Results: The prevalence of stunting among children under five years of age in Aceh was 27,67% (n=1,019). In the bivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with stunting were Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIBF) (p=0,002), exclusive breastfeeding (p=0,043), access to food (p=0,033), access to information media (p=0,001), parental education (p<0,05), birth spacing (p=0,000), and area (urban/rural) (p=0,003). In the multivariate model, the dominant factors increasing the odds of stunting were severe household food insecurity (AOR=1,56), not accessing health information media (AOR=1,51), living in rural areas (AOR=1.40), and not practicing EIBF (AOR=1,40), all of which were significant at p<0,05. Conclusion: Food security is the most dominant factor associated with stunting in Aceh, Indonesia. Recommended interventions include strengthening family- and community-based food security programs (including targeted food assistance and food diversification), improving maternal nutrition education during the first 1,000 days of life with empowerment strategies through accessible information media, and enhancing breastfeeding support and posyandu services in rural areas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Reny Ivaqueene Kobat, Aripin Ahmad, Meutia Zahara http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efek ekstrak etanol biji adas (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) pada berbagai dosis terhadap produksi susu tikus laktasi dan pertambahan berat anak tikus
Background: Breastfeeding is highly recommended to support infant growth and development. However, exclusive breastfeeding rates remain at 55,5%. One contributing factor is low milk production. Fennel seeds are one ingredient thought to increase milk production. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the phytochemical content and effects of ethanol extract of fennel seeds on milk production and pup weight gain. Methods: This animal study was conducted from March to September 2019. Animal maintenance was carried out at Biopharmaceutical Study Center, Bogor. A total of 24 lactating rats were grouped into four treatments (EA1:88,75 mg/kg, EA2:177,50 mg/kg, EA3:355,00 mg/kg, and N:control). The interventions were administered from day 3 to 21 of lactation. Data included phytochemical, milk production, and pup weight gain. The milk production was calculated indirectly based on the pup weight gain. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at α=0.05. Results: Extract of fennel seed contains flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, and steroids. Milk production up to day 15 of lactation in N, EA1, EA2, and EA3 was 1,65 g/day, 2,67 g/day, 2,34 g/day, and 1,95 g/day, respectively. Up to day 15, there was a significant difference in milk production in EA1 compared to the control (p=0,047). However, milk production up to day 21 of lactation showed no significant difference (p=0,055). Pup weight gain was also not significantly different (p>0,05). Conclusion: Administration of EA1 significantly increased milk production up to day 15 compared to the control, but milk production up to day 21 and the pup weight gain showed no significant results.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Khoiriyah, Lilik Kustiyah, Katrin Roosita http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan praktik pemberian MP-ASI dan malnutrisi (6-23 bulan) di negara berkembang: Scoping Review berbasis indikator WHO
Background: Complementary feeding plays a crucial role in preventing malnutrition during early childhood. However, inappropriate complementary feeding practices that do not align with the World Health Organization (WHO) Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) guidelines remain prevalent in developing countries, contributing to high rates of undernutrition and child mortality worldwide. Objective: This review aimed to map the current scientific evidence on the association between complementary feeding and malnutrition among children aged 6–23 months in developing countries, based on the latest WHO IYCF indicators. Methods: This scoping review followed the PRISMA-ScR framework. Literature searches were conducted across Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for English and Indonesian publications from 2020–2025. Eligible studies included observational research examining the relationship between WHO IYCF indicators and child nutritional outcomes. Study quality was assessed using The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools, and data were analyzed descriptively without quantitative synthesis. Results: Of 4,454 screened articles, 10 met the inclusion criteria. The mapped evidence consistently showed that inappropriate complementary feeding practices are associated with stunting, wasting, and underweight among children. However, the strength of associations varied due to contextual differences in socioeconomic conditions, dietary culture, national nutrition programs, and variations in the application and measurement of WHO indicators. Conclusion: Appropriate complementary feeding practices based on WHO IYCF indicators are positively linked to better nutritional outcomes in children aged 6–23 months. Strengthening evidence-based, multisectoral interventions and longitudinal research is essential to address disparities in child nutrition.
Copyright (c) 2025 Bethrix Angelita Sukma Kemuning, Mohammad Zen Raflihudin, Sri Winarni http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Intervensi edukasi worksheet-flashcard untuk meningkatkan asupan protein dan perilaku pemberian makan pada balita (3-5 tahun): Studi Quasi-Eksperimental
Background: Various government programs have been implemented to address stunting, but there is still a lack of interactive educational interventions based on worksheets and flashcards to stimulate protein intake and feeding behavior in toddlers, which is expected to reduce stunting rates. Objectives: To assess the effect of educational media using worksheets and flashcards on protein intake and feeding behavior in toddlers (3-5 years old) in the Simbang Community Health Center (Puskesmas) working area, Maros Regency. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a two-group pretest-posttest control design. The sample consisted of n = 50 mothers with children aged 3-5 years old, consisting of an intervention group (n = 25) and a control group (n = 25). The study was conducted for one month (July–August 2025). Data were processed using WHO-Antro 2005 and Nutrisurvey 2007. Statistical analysis used paired t-tests and Wilcoxon tests. Meanwhile, the difference or Δ post-pre scores between the two groups was analyzed using the Independent t-test and the Mann-Whitney test. Statistical significance was set at p<0,05. Results: The results of the study showed that the intervention provided was proven effective in improving several indicators of child growth and nutrition, namely ∆ BB/A = 0,06 (Intervention) vs -0,04 (Control) p=0,014, ∆ TB/A = -0,03 (Intervention) vs -0,08 (Control) p=0,031, ∆ Median Knowledge = 4,0 (Intervention) vs 3,0 (Control) p=0,003, ∆ Median Attitude = 10,0 (Intervention) vs 3,0 (Control) p=0,012, ∆ Median Protein = 16,1 gr (Intervention) vs 3,3 gr (Control), p=0,030 (In the Intervention group), p=0,033 (Between groups ∆). However, the intervention did not have a significant effect on increasing energy intake. P=0,062. Conclusion: This intervention is effective in improving child growth and nutrition.
Copyright (c) 2025 Novi Puspita Sari, Husnul Khatimah, Dedi Nasruddin, Akmal Novrian Syahruddin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan tingkat asupan sukrosa dalam sugar-sweetened beverage dengan overweight dan hyperglicemia pada mahasiswa Prodi Gizi UNESA
Background: In the increasingly advanced era, advertisements for high-sugar foods and beverages are prevalent, which can negatively influence a person's behavior. It has been found that individuals may experience an increase in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of up to 4,8 grams. The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages has increased among undergraduate student, among nutrition students at UNESA, data show that approximately 48,46% frequently consume sugar-sweetened beverages more than five times per week. Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages significantly contributes to the incidence of overweight and hyperglycemia. This study is an extension that examines the sucrose content in sugar-sweetened beverages, building upon previous research that investigated the frequency of beverage consumption without considering their sucrose content. Objectives: To determine the relationship between sucrose intake from sugar-sweetened beverages with overweight and hyperglycemia among Nutrition students at UNESA. Methods: A cross-sectional design was conducted on 95 students selected using stratified proportional purposive sampling. Data on sugar-sweetened beverage consumption were obtained through interviews using the SQ-FFQ. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were measured using a glucometer. Nutritional status data were obtained from Body Mass Index (BMI) through measurements of height and weight. Bivariate data analysis was conducted using the Somers'd test. Results: 88,4% of respondents consumed a moderate amount sucrose intake from sugar-sweetened beverages (1–50 g/day), 76,8% had normal IMT non-overweight (18,5-25 kg/m2), and 78,9% had normal fasting blood glucose levels non-hypergycemia (< 90 mg/dL). There was a significant relationship between sucrose intake from sugar-sweetened beverage with overweight (P-value = 0,021; r = 0,407), but no significant relationship with hyperglycemia (P-value = 0,407) which is classified as a moderate correlation. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between sucrose intake from sugar-sweetened beverage with overweight, but no significant relationship with hyperglycemia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Selvia Suryanata, Cleonara Yanuar Dini http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efektivitas telehealth nutrition counseling yang dipimpin perawat untuk pasien hemodialisis: Tinjauan sistematis
Background: Hemodialysis is the main renal replacement therapy for end-stage chronic kidney disease, yet global dietary compliance among patients remains low (30–70%), including in Indonesia. Limited nutritional knowledge, entrenched eating habits, and inadequate access to counseling contribute to this problem. Nurse-led telehealth nutrition interventions supported by digital platforms have emerged as innovative strategies to enhance patient education and adherence. Objective: To review current evidence on the effectiveness of nurse-led, telehealth-based nutritional interventions in improving dietary compliance among hemodialysis patients. Methods: A systematic narrative review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar identified studies published between 2015 and 2025 using the keywords telehealth, nutrition counseling, and hemodialysis. Twelve out of ninety-five studies met the inclusion criteria: original research involving adult hemodialysis patients receiving nurse- or healthcare worker–delivered telehealth nutrition counseling. Data were synthesized narratively, and risk of bias was evaluated descriptively based on study design and reporting quality. Results: Most studies demonstrated significant improvements in nutritional knowledge, dietary compliance, and self-management (9/12 studies, p < 0.05). Effects on clinical outcomes such as hemoglobin, serum phosphate, and interdialytic weight were inconsistent, influenced by intervention duration, study design, and methodological quality. Telehealth approaches were feasible, acceptable, and beneficial in contexts with limited in-person care. Conclusion: Nurse-led telehealth nutritional interventions effectively improve dietary compliance and patient self-management in hemodialysis populations. Integration into primary and hospital-based care may strengthen continuity of care.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cici Nurrahmawati, Yulia, Anggri Noorana Zahra http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis kadar feritin sebagai prediktor risiko Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) pada ibu hamil Komunitas Suku Anak Dalam di Kabupaten Tebo Jambi
Background: Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly among vulnerable populations. Ferritin reflects iron storage and has the potential to serve as a predictive biomarker for IUGR, while socio-cultural factors influence maternal nutritional status and antenatal health behaviors. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between ferritin levels and IUGR among pregnant women in the Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) community, and to explore the socio-cultural context that affects iron status and fetal growth. Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted from July to August 2025 among 31 pregnant women from the Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) community in Tebo Regency, Jambi. Quantitative data were obtained through ferritin measurement using a Ferritin Rapid Test from capillary blood, while IUGR was identified based on fundal height, abdominal girth, and fetal heart rate. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations focusing on dietary practices, cultural beliefs, and access to health services. Results: Nineteen respondents (61,3%) had low ferritin levels (<15 ng/mL), and eight (25,8%) were categorized as having IUGR. Low ferritin levels were significantly associated with IUGR (p=0,02; OR=5,3; 95% CI: 1,1–24,5). Qualitative findings revealed limited dietary diversity, dependence on forest-based foods, and cultural practices that restricted antenatal care access, which indirectly increased the risk of IUGR. Conclusion: Low ferritin levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of IUGR, and socio-cultural factors exacerbated this condition through their influence on maternal nutrition and health behaviors among SAD pregnant women. Integrating simple ferritin screening with an understanding of the socio-cultural context may serve as an effective strategy for early screening and prevention in remote areas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Samnil Astuti Fitri, Fitratur Rahmah Agustina, Jumaidi Ali http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengembangan produk sosis bernilai tambah dari thryssa mystax pada industri rumah tangga di Surabaya
Background: The abundant Thryssa mystax resources in the Madura Strait hold strategic potential to support the local economy and food security. However, the traditional processing methods employed by IRT Jiddah and Barokah limit the enhancement of value-added and product competitiveness. This underscores the need for processing innovations, such as the development of fish sausage products, to improve quality, diversify products, and expand market opportunities. Objective: This study aimed to develop the most acceptable fish sausage formulation through hedonic sensory evaluation, while also analyzing the nutritional and microbiological characteristics of the selected product. Method: A completely randomized design was used with three treatments incorporating different proportions of Thryssa mystax (X1:250 g, X2:500 g, and X3:750 g). These were organoleptically evaluated by 40 semi-trained panelists to determine the best samples. The selected product was further analyzed for its nutritional composition and microbiological quality. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA at a 95% confidence level. This study was conducted in Surabaya from June to November 2024. Results: The organoleptic test results showed that the addition of Thryssa mystax had a significant effect on aroma, texture, and overall acceptance (p = 0,000), but not on color (p = 0,365) and taste (p = 0,503). X2 formulation (500 g) obtained the highest overall acceptance score of 4,3. These findings indicate that the X2 formulation not only provides sensory characteristics preferred by consumers but also has the potential to increase protein content and ensure stable sensory quality, making it suitable for application in small-scale household industry. Conclusion: Based on sensory evaluation across all attributes, the best formulation was X2. The X2 product contained 10,4% protein, 0,15% fat, 14,4% carbohydrates, 69,36% moisture, and 2,27% ash. Microbiological analysis showed a total plate count of 1,3 × 10⁵ CFU/g, which exceeded the maximum limit set by SNI.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kristian Triatmaja Raharja, Cucun Setya Ferdina, Nindi Pramesthi Vardila Putri, Nuraini Fauziah, Honesty Pujiyani, Achmad Fitro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effectiveness of peer group-based learning in enhancing elementary students’ knowledge of larval monitoring in Banda Aceh
Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a major public health concern in Indonesia, with over 143,000 cases and an incidence rate of 51,5 per 100,000 population reported in 2023. Recurrent outbreaks in Banda Aceh highlight the need for sustainable, school-based prevention strategies. School-age children are highly vulnerable because Aedes aegypti mosquitoes bite during the daytime when children are at school. Objectives: This study evaluated the effectiveness of elementary school peer groups in improving students’ knowledge of dengue prevention through a school-based larval monitoring program. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre–post design was conducted from April to October 2024 among fourth and fifth grade students in six elementary schools in the Kutaraja Sub-district, Banda Aceh City. Guided by Bandura’s Social Learning Theory, 36 students were trained as peer educators to teach 120 peers (n = 120) about dengue prevention. Knowledge was measured using a 15-item Guttman scale questionnaire before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS, including descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality tests, and paired t-tests (α = 0,05; 95% CI). Results: The mean knowledge score increased from 9,43 (SD = 1,27) to 10,16 (SD = 1,34), a significant improvement (mean difference = 0,73; 95% CI: 0,41–1,05; p < 0,001). Conclusion: Peer-group–based health promotion within schools is a promising approach to enhance dengue prevention awareness among children. Strengthening teacher facilitation and embedding structured peer education into school health programs may enhance long-term community participation in dengue prevention and control.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hermansyah Hermansyah, Helly Susanti http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluasi implementasi program rujuk balik (PRB) di Puskesmas Kota Semarang
Background: The Referral Back Program (PRB) is a strategy of the Indonesian Health Insurance Agency (BPJS Kesehatan) to transfer the management of chronic disease patients from hospitals to community health centers in order to reduce referral burdens, improve efficiency, and maintain continuity of therapy. Its implementation still faces limitations in resources, suboptimal coordination, and low patient compliance, thus requiring a comprehensive evaluation to assess the program's effectiveness. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Referral Back Program (PRB) by reviewing the input, process, and output aspects of PRB implementation in community health centers in Semarang City in 2024. Method: This study is a descriptive qualitative study conducted in 10 pilot project community health centers in Semarang City in 2024. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document studies. Respondents consisted of health center heads, health workers, PRB administrative staff, and PRB patients. Data analysis was performed using triangulation of sources, methods, and documents. Results: The implementation of PRB at the Semarang City Health Center in 2024 was not optimal. In terms of input, there was a shortage of health workers, uneven distribution of medicines, and manual administration. In terms of service implementation, guidelines were followed, but coordination between FPKTP and FPKTL was inconsistent and patient education was not structured. In terms of output, patient compliance was still low, program effectiveness was not optimal, and patient satisfaction was influenced by the availability of medicines and the smooth running of services. Conclusion: PRB at the Semarang City Health Center has not been effective due to limited resources, weak coordination, and low patient compliance. This condition shows a gap between policy and practice, so it is necessary to strengthen human resources, improve administration, increase coordination, and educate patients to support the success of PRB.
Copyright (c) 2025 Indah Mayang Karti, Nunung Priyatni, Phebe Hendra http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perbedaan kadar gula darah ibu hamil berdasarkan jenis persalinan di Kecamatan Langsa Baro Kota Langsa
Background: During pregnancy, uncontrolled blood glucose levels can influence the mode and process of delivery. Gestational diabetes may lead to macrosomia due to excessive placental glucose transfer, which is stored as fetal fat. Macrosomia increases the risk of various delivery complications, including cesarean section, preterm birth, neonatal hypoglycemia, and other neonatal complications. Objective: This study aimed to examine differences in maternal blood glucose levels according to the mode of delivery in the working area of Langsa Baro Subdistrict Health Center, Langsa City. Methods: This was an analytic quantitative study with a retrospective design conducted in February 2025 using data from January to December 2024. A total of 119 postpartum women were included using total sampling. Data were obtained from midwives’ medical records at village health posts based on inclusion criteria, entered into a checklist, and analyzed descriptively for univariate data to assess frequency distribution. Bivariate analysis was performed using the independent t-test. Results: The findings showed that the majority of respondents with normal blood glucose levels (60%) delivered spontaneously, whereas 75% of those with abnormal blood glucose levels underwent operative delivery (cesarean section/laparotomy). Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference in maternal blood glucose levels by mode of delivery (p = 0,006). Conclusion: Maternal blood glucose levels differ according to the mode of delivery. Therefore, monitoring and controlling blood glucose levels during pregnancy are essential to prevent maternal and neonatal complications related to pregnancy and childbirth.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fachrani Aufa, Nora Veri, Henniwati, Syari Fitri Budia Rizki, Anda Syahputra http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan kadar fluoride air tanah dengan kejadian karies gigi pada anak di Wilayah Pesisir Kota Kupang
Background: Fluoride is an inorganic element that plays a crucial role in dental health through drinking water. Variations in groundwater fluoride levels in coastal areas can affect dental health, especially dental caries. The optimal fluoride concentration to prevent caries is 0,7 mg/L, with a maximum limit of 1,5 mg/L according to Ministry of Health Regulation No. 32 of 2017. Objective: This study aimed to determine the fluoride concentration in coastal groundwater and its association with dental caries incidence in children. Methods: An analytical observational cross-sectional study was conducted using simple random sampling on 26 children aged ≥2 years residing in coastal areas who used groundwater as their drinking water source. The study was carried out in Oesapa Village, Kupang City, in May 2024. Data were collected using questionnaires and dental caries examinations with the DMF-T index. Data were analyzed using correlation tests between fluoride levels and caries incidence. Results: Groundwater fluoride levels ranged from 0,00 to 1,01 mg/L (mean 0,28 mg/L), remaining below the safe limit of 1,5 mg/L. The mean dmf-t score for primary teeth was 2,36, and the DMF-T score for permanent teeth was 0,08, indicating generally good dental status among children. Statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between fluoride concentration and caries incidence (p= 0,796). Behavioral factors such as tooth brushing habits and sugar consumption were suspected to influence caries occurrence. Conclusions: Fluoride levels in coastal groundwater of Oesapa were within normal limits and met Ministry of Health standards. Caries incidence was low, and no association was found between fluoride levels and caries prevalence.
Copyright (c) 2025 Friska Delianti Simamora, Manginar Sidabutar, Antonius R. Ratu http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Defek septum ventrikel pada neonatus dengan sifilis kongenital: Suatu Laporan Kasus
Background: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart defect in neonates. Its association with congenital syphilis is rarely reported, although transplacental infection by Treponema pallidum can cause multisystem involvement. Objective: To report a case of VSD in a neonate with congenital syphilis and to document relevant clinical and diagnostic findings. Methods: A descriptive case report was conducted on a 14-day-old female neonate delivered via cesarean section to a mother with reactive syphilis and gestational hypertension. Congenital syphilis was confirmed by VDRL and TPHA serological testing. Clinical evaluation and echocardiography were performed to assess cardiac anomalies. Results: Echocardiography revealed a 7,6 mm VSD with bidirectional shunt involving the inlet, muscular, and subaortic regions. These findings provide a detailed description of structural heart involvement in a neonate with congenital syphilis, although a direct causal relationship cannot be established. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of early maternal syphilis screening and neonatal cardiac evaluation. The report serves as preliminary documentation for monitoring potential cardiac anomalies in neonates with congenital syphilis and encourages further investigation into possible clinical associations.
Copyright (c) 2025 I Gusti Ngurah Agung Dian Angga Putra, I Gusti Agung Bagus Krisna Jayantika http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0