Association between sleep quality with overweight/obesity and other factors among adults in indonesia post-COVID-19 pandemic

Athiya Fadlina -  Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology and Health, Sahid University, Indonesia
Khoirul Anwar* -  Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology and Health, Sahid University, Indonesia
DOI : 10.30867/action.v9i1.1198

Supp. File(s): common.other common.other common.other common.other

The prevalence of adult overnutrition in Indonesia increased from 26,3% to 35,4% from 2013 to 2018. Poor sleep quality is one of the factors of overnutrition. Poor sleep quality increases appetite and decreases energy expenditure, which leads to weight gain. Sleep quality has also worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep quality and the incidence of overweight/obesity in adults post-COVID-19. The design of this study was cross-sectional, and an online survey was used. The questionnaire included the current weight, height, and sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Data were collected from June to August 2022 in Indonesia, using convenience sampling. A Total of 148 participants completed the questionnaire. The association was analyzed using the Chi-square software. This study found 58,8% of the subjects had poor sleep and 23,6% were overweight/obese. Age, sex, education level, occupation, and marital status were associated with sleep quality. A higher proportion of poor sleep quality was found among overweight/overnutrition participants, but no association was found. In conclusion, no association was found between sleep quality and overweight or obesity. Most subjects had poor sleep quality; thus, further intervention is needed to improve sleep quality.

Supplement Files

Keywords : Quality of Sleep, Overnutrition, COVID-19

  1. Abdallah, A. A., Mahfouz, E. M., Mohammed, E. S., Emam, S. A., & Rahman, T. A. A.-E. (2021). Sleep quality and its association with body weight among adults: an epidemiological study. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 21(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.3/art.912
  2. Alimoradi, Z., Broström, A., Tsang, H. W. H., Griffiths, M. D., Haghayegh, S., Ohayon, M. M., Lin, C.-Y., & Pakpour, A. H. (2021). Sleep problems during COVID-19 pandemic and its’ association to psychological distress: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine, 36, 100916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100916
  3. Al Rahmad, A. H. (2021). Several risk factors of obesity among female school teachers and relevance to non-communicable diseases during the Covid-19 pandemic. Amerta Nutrition, 5(1), 31–40. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v5i1.2021.31-40
  4. Al-Rasheed, A. S., & Ibrahim, A. I. (2020). Does the poor sleep quality affect the physical activity level, postural stability, and isometric muscle strength in Saudi adolescents? Saudi Medical Journal, 41(1), 94–97. https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2020.1.24761
  5. Amelia, V. L., Jen, H.-J., Lee, T.-Y., Chang, L.-F., & Chung, M.-H. (2022). Comparison of the associations between self-reported sleep quality and sleep duration concerning the risk of depression: A nationwide population-based study in Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(21), Article 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114273
  6. Ansari, S., Haboubi, H., & Haboubi, N. (2020). Adult obesity complications: Challenges and clinical impact. Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 11, 2042018820934955. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042018820934955
  7. Anyanwu, O. A., Naumova, E. N., Chomitz, V. R., Zhang, F. F., Chui, K., Kartasurya, M. I., & Folta, S. C. (2022). The Effects of the covid-19 pandemic on nutrition, health and environment in Indonesia: A qualitative investigation of perspectives from multi-disciplinary experts. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(18), 11575.
  8. Argo, T. M., Kurniawan, A., Liem, J. A., Sugianto, J. O., Michael, R. J., Agatha, L., Tanuwijaya, N. V. S., Wonsono, B., & Rivami, D. S. (2021). Association between depression, anxiety, and stress with sleep quality in Indonesian people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public Health of Indonesia, 7(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.36685/phi.v7i2.409
  9. Azhar, N. J. B., Zahra, Z. D., Irawan, D. A., & Rahmannia, S. (2022). Lifestyle alterations during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on obesity amongst Indonesian university students. Sriwijaya Journal of Medicine, 5(1), 51–60.
  10. Bacaro, V., Ballesio, A., Cerolini, S., Vacca, M., Poggiogalle, E., Donini, L. M., Lucidi, F., & Lombardo, C. (2020). Sleep duration and obesity in adulthood: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 14(4), 301–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2020.03.004
  11. Beccuti, G., & Pannain, S. (2011). Sleep and obesity. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 14(4), 402–412. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283479109
  12. Bogale, B., Wolde, A., Mohammed, N., Midaksa, G., & Bekele, B. B. (2022). Poor sleep quality and factors among reproductive-age women in Southwest Ethiopia. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13.
  13. Boutari, C., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2022). A 2022 update on the epidemiology of obesity and a call to action: As its twin COVID-19 pandemic appears to be receding, the obesity and dysmetabolism pandemic continues to rage on. Metabolism, 133, 155217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155217
  14. Broussard, J. L., & Klein, S. (2022). Insufficient sleep and obesity: Cause or consequence. Obesity, 30(10), 1914–1916. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23539
  15. Cahyati, W. H., Putriningtyas, N. D., Rengga, W. D. P., & Suharyo, S. (2023). Nutrition intake, physical activity, and sleep quality in the month of fast during Covid-19 pandemic. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 18(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v18i4.40547
  16. Dieny, F. F., Jauharany, F. F., Tsani, A. F. A., & Nissa, C. (2021). Perilaku makan sebelum dan selama pandemi covid-19 pada kelompok remaja dan dewasa di Indonesia. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal, 6(2), 128–138. https://doi.org/10.30867/action.v6i2.418
  17. Elizabeth, B., Wanda, D., & Apriyanti, E. (2022). The correlation between sleep quality and the prevalence of obesity in school-age children. Journal of Public Health Research, 10(1 Suppl), jphr.2021.2331. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.2331
  18. Fikri, H. K., & Husna, C. A. (2018). Hubungan kualitas tidur dengan obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar (SD) negeri di Desa Kampung Jawa Lama dan Lancang Garam Kota Lhokseumawe. AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh, 4(1), 41–49.
  19. Guadagni, V., Umilta’, A., & Iaria, G. (2020). Sleep quality, empathy, and mood during the isolation period of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Canadian population: Females and women suffered the most. Frontiers in Global Women’s Health, 1.
  20. Gupta, P., Srivastava, N., Gupta, V., Tiwari, S., & Banerjee, M. (2022). Association of sleep duration and sleep quality with body mass index among young adults. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 11(6), 3251–3256. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_21_21
  21. Herawati, K., & Gayatri, D. (2019). The correlation between sleep quality and levels of stress among students in Universitas Indonesia. Enfermería Clínica, 29, 357–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.044
  22. Isti, A. N., Safitri, D. E., & Arumsari, I. (2021). Kualitas tidur dan stres berhubungan dengan status gizi orang dewasa pada masa pandemi Covid-19. NUTRIRE DIAITA, 13(02). https://doi.org/10.47007/nut.v13i2.4053
  23. Kawi, Y. A., Wihandani, D. M., & Surudarma, I. W. (2019). Pengaruh obesitas pada kualitas tidur mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana periode 2018. Intisari Sains Medis, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v10i3.442
  24. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2014). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 41 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pedoman Gizi Seimbang.
  25. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2018). Hasil utama RISKESDAS 2018. Jakarta Badan Penelit Dan Pengemb Kesehatan, Kementrian Kesehat Republik Indonesia.
  26. Krističević, T., Štefan, L., & Sporiš, G. (2018). The Associations between Sleep Duration and Sleep Quality with Body-Mass Index in a Large Sample of Young Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(4), 758. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040758
  27. Lin, X., & Li, H. (2021). Obesity: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and therapeutics. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 12, 706978. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.706978
  28. Liu, Q., Zhu, Y., & Pei, Y. (2021). Bachelor status and the sleep quality among chinese men: A moderated mediation model. American Journal of Men’s Health, 15(3), 15579883211018424.
  29. Lwanga S. K., Lemeshow S., & World Health Organization. (1991). Sample size determination in health studies: A practical manual / S. K. Lwanga and S. Lemeshow. Dťermination de la taille d’ un čhantillon dans les ťudes sanomťriques: manuel pratique. WHO IRIS. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/40062
  30. Madrid-Valero, J. J., Martínez-Selva, J. M., Ribeiro do Couto, B., Sánchez-Romera, J. F., & Ordoñana, J. R. (2017). Age and gender effects on the prevalence of poor sleep quality in the adult population. Gaceta Sanitaria, 31(1), 18–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.05.013
  31. Mboi, N., Murty Surbakti, I., Trihandini, I., Elyazar, I., Houston Smith, K., Bahjuri Ali, P., Kosen, S., Flemons, K., Ray, S. E., Cao, J., Glenn, S. D., Miller-Petrie, M. K., Mooney, M. D., Ried, J. L., Nur Anggraini Ningrum, D., Idris, F., Siregar, K. N., Harimurti, P., Bernstein, R. S., … Hay, S. I. (2018). On the road to universal health care in Indonesia, 1990–2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet, 392(10147), 581–591. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30595-6
  32. Meo, S. A., Alkhalifah, J. M., Alshammari, N. F., Alnufaie, W. S., & Algoblan, A. F. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality among medical and general science students: King Saud University Experience. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 38(3Part-I), 639–644. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.5171
  33. Mosavat, M., Mirsanjari, M., Arabiat, D., Smyth, A., & Whitehead, L. (2021). The role of sleep curtailment on leptin levels in obesity and diabetes mellitus. Obesity Facts, 14(2), 214–221. https://doi.org/10.1159/000514095
  34. Muhammad, H. F. L., Pratama, S. A., Sulistyoningrum, D. C., Hartono, M. N., Huriyati, E., Lee, Y. Y., & Muda, W. A. M. W. (2020). The impact of sleep quality and duration on leptin, appetite, and obesity indices in adults. Medical Journal of Indonesia, 29(4), 417–421.
  35. Nour, T. Y., & ALTINTAŞ, K. H. (2023). Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on obesity and its risk factors: A systematic review. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 1018. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15833-2
  36. Novziransyah, N., & Daulay, M. S. (2018). Hubungan waktu tidur dengan kelebihan berat badan pada mahasiswa dan staf pengajar FK UISU. Jurnal Kedokteran Komunitas Dan Tropik, 6(1).
  37. Okunogbe, A., Nugent, R., Spencer, G., Ralston, J., & Wilding, J. (2021). Economic impacts of overweight and obesity: Current and future estimates for eight countries. BMJ Global Health, 6(10), e006351. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006351
  38. Papatriantafyllou, E., Efthymiou, D., Zoumbaneas, E., Popescu, C. A., & Vassilopoulou, E. (2022). Sleep deprivation: Effects on weight loss and weight loss maintenance. Nutrients, 14(8), Article 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14081549
  39. Pijaryani, I. (2022). Kebiasaan makan (eating habits) dan sedentary lifestyle dengan gizi lebih pada remaja pada saat pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 21(1), 33–37.
  40. Sagala, N. J., Sofyani, S., & Supriatmo, S. (2017). Association between sleep quality and obesity in adolescents. Paediatrica Indonesiana, 57(1), 41–46.
  41. Salahuddin, M., Maru, T. T., Kumalo, A., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Bahammam, A. S., & Manzar, M. D. (2017). Validation of the pittsburgh sleep quality index in community dwelling Ethiopian adults. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 15(1), 58. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-017-0637-5
  42. Shih, A.-C., Chen, L.-H., Tsai, C.-C., & Chen, J.-Y. (2020). Correlation between Sleep Quality and Frailty Status among Middle-Aged and Older Taiwanese People: A Community-Based, Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), Article 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249457
  43. Srimiati, M., Fayasari, A., Rizqiawan, A., & Agestika, L. (2020). Food supplement consumption does not related to self-reported symptoms of covid-19 among students in Binawan University. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal, 5(2), 203–209. https://doi.org/10.30867/action.v5i2.348
  44. Suja’I, M. N. M., Noviasty, R., Kurniawati, E. R., & Wisnuwardani, R. W. (2022). The association between sleep duration, breakfast routine and nutritional status in indonesian adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic. Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition), 10(2), 168–180. https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.10.2.168-180
  45. Sukmawati, N. M. H., & Putra, I. G. S. W. (2019). Reliabilitas kusioner pittsburgh sleep quality index (Psqi) versi bahasa Indonesia dalam mengukur kualitas tidur lansia. WICAKSANA: Jurnal Lingkungan Dan Pembangunan, 3(2), 30–38.
  46. Suliga, E., Koziel, D., Cieśla, E., Rębak, D., & Głuszek, S. (2017). Sleep duration and the risk of obesity–a cross-sectional study. Medical Studies/Studia Medyczne, 33(3), 176–183.
  47. Tirthani, E., Said, M. S., & Rehman, A. (2023). Genetics and Obesity. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK573068/
  48. Yilmaz, B., Çi̇Çek, B., & Kaner, G. (2022). The Effect of Body Weight on Sleep Quality and Sleep Duration in Adolescents. Journal of Contemporary Medicine, 12(2), 238–243. https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1015273
  49. Yin, F., Chen, C., Song, S., Chen, Z., Jiao, Z., Yan, Z., Yin, G., & Feng, Z. (2022). Factors affecting University Students’ sleep quality during the normalisation of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control in China: A cross-sectional study. Sustainability, 14(17), 10646.

Open Access Copyright (c) 2024 Ahiya Fadlina, Khoirul Anwar
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal
Published by: Department of Nutrition at the Health Polytechnic of Aceh, Ministry of Health.
Soekarno-Hatta Street, No. 168. Health Polytechnic of Aceh, Aceh Besar, 23352. Telp/Fax: 0651 46126 / 0651 46121.
Website: https://gizipoltekkesaceh.ac.id/
E-mail: jurnal6121@gmail.com

e-issn: 2548-5741, p-issn: 2527-3310

All content is licensed under a: Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International License

View My Stats

Get a feed by atom here, RRS2 here and OAI Links here