Supp. File(s): Research Ethics Statement
The differences in diet quality and physical activity for COVID-19 survivors and non-survivors in Semarang City
The COVID-19 pandemic triggered lifestyle changes, namely diet quality and physical activity, which showed improvements in COVID-19 survivors. This study aimed to analyze the differences in diet quality and physical activity among COVID-19 survivors and non-survivors in the city of Semarang between March and April 2022. The study design was cross-sectional, with as many as 100 Semarang City residents aged 22-45 years (50 survivors and 50 non-survivors of COVID-19) using a purposive sampling technique. Semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) interview data were collected, followed by diet quality assessment using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Physical activity data were collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Spearman's methods. The diet quality of the two groups showed a difference (p=0,012), with the diet quality of the survivor group being better. Variations in dietary quality components showed significant differences (p<0,001), including the subcomponents of overall (p=0,005) and protein (p<0,001). Physical activity in both groups showed no significant difference (p=0,639), including heavy, moderate, and walking activities. There was a significant difference in sedentary activity between the two groups (p=0,035). Conclusion: The dietary quality of the two groups showed differences, the majority of which was better in the COVID-19 survivor group. Physical activity in both groups showed no difference, but sedentary activity differed between the two groups
Supplement Files
Keywords : Dietary quality, Activity, COVID-19, Survival
- Agustina, R., Meilianawati, Fenny, Atmarita, Suparmi, Susiloretni, K. A., Lestari, W., Pritasari, K., & Shankar, A. H. (2021). Psychosocial, Eating Behavior, and Lifestyle Factors Influencing Overweight and Obesity in Adolescents. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 42(1_suppl), S72–S91. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572121992750
- Al-Jahdhami, I., Al-Naamani, K., & Al-Mawali, A. (2021). The post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (Long COVID). Oman Medical Journal, 36(1), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2021.91
- Alhusseini, N., & Alqahtani, A. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on eating habits in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Public Health Research, 9(3), 354–360. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2020.1868
- Atmadja, T. F. A., Yunianto, A. E., Yuliantini, E., Haya, M., Faridi, A., & Suryana, S. (2020). Gambaran sikap dan gaya hidup sehat masyarakat Indonesia selama pandemi Covid-19. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal, 5(2), 195. https://doi.org/10.30867/action.v5i2.355
- Cabinet Secretariat of the Republic of Indonesia. (2022). Press Statement of the President of the Republic of Indonesia regarding the Easing of Mask Use, Bogor Presidential Palace, West Java Province. Public Relations of the Cabinet Secretariat of the Republic of Indonesia.
- Dalwood, P., Marshall, S., Burrows, T. L., McIntosh, A., & Collins, C. E. (2020). Diet quality indices and their associations with health-related outcomes in children and adolescents: an updated systematic review. In Nutrition Journal (Vol. 19, Issue 1). Nutrition Journal. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-020-00632-x
- Di Renzo, L., Gualtieri, P., Pivari, F., Soldati, L., Attinà, A., Cinelli, G., Cinelli, G., Leggeri, C., Caparello, G., Barrea, L., Scerbo, F., Esposito, E., & De Lorenzo, A. (2020). Eating habits and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 lockdown: An Italian survey. Journal of Translational Medicine, 18(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-020-02399-5
- Dieny, F. F., Jauharany, F. F., Tsani, A. F. A., & Nissa, C. (2021). Eating behavior before and during the covid-19 pandemic among adolescents and adults in Indonesia. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal, 6(2), 128. //doi.org/10.30867/action.v6i2.418
- Feng, Z., Yang, J., Xu, M., Lin, R., Yang, H., & Liting, L. (2021). Dietary supplements and herbal medicine for COVID-19: A systematic review of randomized control trials. Clinical Nutrition, 44, 50–60.
- Filimonau, V., Vi, L. H., Beer, S., & Ermolaev, V. A. (2021). The Covid-19 pandemic and food consumption at home and away: An exploratory study of English households. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 82(PA), 101125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2021.101125
- Gardiarini, P., Sudargo, T., & Pramantara, I. D. P. (2017). Hubungan Antara Kualitas Diet, Sosio-Demografi, Dan Dukungan Keluarga Terhadap Pengendalian Gula Darah Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di Rumah Sakit Kanujoso Djatiwibowo (Rskd) Balikpapan. Gizi Indonesia, 40(2), 89. https://doi.org/10.36457/gizindo.v40i2.237
- Kapellou, A., Silva, G., Pilic, L., & Mavrommatis, Y. (2021). Nutrition knowledge, food choices and diet quality of genotyped and non-genotyped individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nutrition and Health, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060211026834
- Kurniawan, Y., & Susilo, M. N. I. B. (2021). Bangkit Pascainfeksi: Dinamika Resiliensi pada Penyintas Covid-19. PHILANTHROPY: Journal of Psychology, 5(1), 131. https://doi.org/10.26623/philanthropy.v5i1.3326
- Lamarche, B., Brassard, D., Lapointe, A., Laramée, C., Kearney, M., Côté, M., Bélanger-Gravel, A., Desroches, S., Lemieux, S., & Plante, C. (2021). Changes in diet quality and food security among adults during the COVID-19-related early lockdown: Results from NutriQuébec. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 113(4), 984–992. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa363
- Mattioli, A. V., & Ballerini Puviani, M. (2020). Lifestyle at Time of COVID-19: How Could Quarantine Affect Cardiovascular Risk. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 14(3), 240–242. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827620918808
- Mustakim, Efendi, R., & Sofiany, I. R. (2021). Pola Konsumsi Pangan Penduduk Usia Produktif Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Dietary Patterns Among Productive Age Population During Covid-19 Pandemic in South Tangerang. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, 17(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.19184/ikesma.v0i0.27203
- Noviasty, R., & Susanti, R. (2020). Changes in Eating Habits of Nutrition Students During the Covid 19 Pandemic. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Mulawarman (JKMM), 2(2), 90.
- O’Connell, M., Smith, K., & Stroud, R. (2022). The dietary impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Health Economics, 84(102641), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhealeco.2022.102641
- Panagiotakos, D., Kosti, R. I., & Pitsavos, C. (2021). How will the way we live look different in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic? A nutrition survey in Greece. Nutrition and Health, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1177/02601060211009033
- Picchioni, F., Goulao, L. F., & Roberfroid, D. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on diet quality, food security and nutrition in low and middle income countries: A systematic review of the evidence. Clinical Nutrition. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2021.08.015
- Radwan, H., Hasan, H., Jaafar, Z., Abbas, N., Rashed Saif, E., Al Kitbi, M., Al Hilali, M., & Naja, F. (2022). Diets and dietary supplements used during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates: A cross-sectional survey. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 30(4), 421–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2022.01.019
- Restutiwati, F., Murbawani, E. A., & Rahadiyanti, A. (2019). Kualitas Diet, Aktivitas Fisik, Dan Status Gizi Pada Perokok Dewasa Awal. Journal of Nutrition College, 8(3), 156–163. https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v8i3.25805
- Retnaningrum, G., & Dieny, F. F. (2015). Kualitas Diet dan Aktivitas Fisik pada Remaja Obesitas dan Non Obesitas. Journal of Nutrition College, 4(2).
- Rogers, A. M., Lauren, B. N., Woo Baidal, J. A., Ozanne, E. M., & Hur, C. (2021). Persistent effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on diet, exercise, risk for food insecurity, and quality of life: A longitudinal study among U.S. adults. Appetite, 167(July), 105639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105639
- Semarang City Health Office. (2022). COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage of Semarang City. Victory - Semarang City Vaccine Integrated. http://victori.semarangkota.go.id/dashboard
- Short, M., Martin, K., Livingston, L., & Cote, P. (2021). Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and symptoms of anxiety in post-secondary students: A cross-sectional study of two faculties. Psychiatry Research Communications, 1(100007), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psycom.2021.100007
- Silva, F. B., Osborn, D. E., Owens, M. R., Kirkland, T., Moore, C. E., Patterson, M. A., Tucker, W. J., Miketinas, D. C., & Davis, K. E. (2021). Influence of covid-19 pandemic restrictions on college students’ dietary quality and experience of the food environment. Nutrients, 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082790
- Singh, S., Bhutani, S., & Fatima, H. (2020). Surviving the stigma: lessons learnt for the prevention of COVID-19 stigma and its mental health impact. Mental Health and Social Inclusion, 24(3), 145–149. https://doi.org/10.1108/MHSI-05-2020-0030
- Sukur, moch halim, Kurniadi, B., Haris, & N Faradillahisari, R. (2020). Penanganan Pelayanan Kesehatan Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Dalam Perspektif Hukum Kesehatan. Journal Inicio Legis, 1(1), 1–17.
- Tribst, A. A. L., Tramontt, C. R., & Baraldi, L. G. (2021). Factors associated with diet changes during the COVID-19 pandemic period in Brazilian adults: Time, skills, habits, feelings and beliefs. Appetite, 163(March). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105220
- Troisi, A. (2020). Fear of COVID-19 : Insights from evolutionary behavioral science. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 17(2), 72–75.
- Wicaksono, A. (2020). Aktivitas Fisik Yang Aman Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan Undiksha, 8(1), 10–15.
- Wolfson, J. A., Posluszny, H., Kronsteiner-Gicevic, S., Willet, W., & Leung, C. W. (2022). Food Insecurity and Less Frequent Cooking Dinner at Home Are Associated with Lower Diet Quality in a National Sample of Low-Income Adults in the United States during the Initial Months of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. Journal of The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 1–22.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.