Analysis of risk factors for stunting among under-five children: A case-control study in Baiturrahman Primary Health Center, Banda Aceh City

Neni Ekowati Januariana* -  Bachelor of Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public health, Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Dian Maya Sari Siregar -  Bachelor of Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public health, Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Winda Agustina -  Midwife Professional Study Program, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health. Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, Indonesia
Endang Maryanti -  Bachelor of Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Ecia Meilonna Koka -  Bachelor of Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Rosdiana Rosdiana -  Bachelor of Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public health, Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Marlina Marlina -  Bachelor of Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public health, Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Asriwati Asriwati -  Public Health Postgraduate Study Program, Faculty of Public health, Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Suzan Fitriana Pakpahan -  Bachelor of Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public health, Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Siti Aisyah -  Midwife Professional Study Program, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health. Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Jalilah Jalilah -  Bachelor of Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Public health, Institut Kesehatan Helvetia, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
DOI : 10.30867/action.v10i2.2671

Stunting is a form of chronic malnutrition that adversely affects the growth and development of children under five years of age. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with stunting among children in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Banda Aceh in 2023 involving 128 respondents, comprising 64 stunted children (cases) and 64 non-stunted children (controls). Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression at the 95% confidence level. Results: Maternal knowledge (p=0,002), socioeconomic status (p=0,005), breastfeeding practices (p=0,012), birth weight (p=0,009), and maternal educational level (p=0,014) were significantly associated with stunting. The dominant factor influencing stunting was low birth weight (odds ratio [OR] =2,4; p=0,012). In conclusion, low birth weight was identified as the primary determinant of stunting. Other factors, such as maternal knowledge, education, socioeconomic status, and breastfeeding also played a role, although they were not significant in the multivariate analysis. Stunting prevention should begin during pregnancy through multi-sectoral interventions, nutrition education, strengthened antenatal care services, and family economic empowerment.

Keywords : Breast feeding, birth weight, maternal knowledge, socioeconomic factors, stunting

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