Penguatan peran orang tua dalam pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi anak berkebutuhan khusus di SLB Negeri Banda Aceh

Eka Sri Rahayu, Ainun Mardiah, Reca Reca

Abstract

Anak berkebutuhan khusus menghadapi hambatan motorik, sensorik, komunikasi, dan perilaku yang dapat membatasi pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi secara mandiri. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan memperkuat pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik orang tua serta memperbaiki kebersihan gigi anak di SLB Negeri Banda Aceh. Program dilaksanakan pada April–Mei 2026 dengan rancangan evaluasi deskriptif sebelum dan sesudah intervensi pada 80 pasangan anak dan orang tua. Intervensi meliputi edukasi kesehatan gigi, demonstrasi dan latihan menyikat gigi, media audiovisual dan leaflet, diskusi, pemantauan keluarga, serta dua kunjungan rumah. Pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik orang tua diukur menggunakan kuesioner, sedangkan kebersihan gigi anak dinilai menggunakan indeks Personal Hygiene Performance-Modified. Setelah program, proporsi orang tua pada kategori baik meningkat menjadi 75,0% untuk pengetahuan, 81,3% untuk sikap, dan 72,5% untuk praktik; pada pengukuran awal proporsi tersebut masing-masing 6,3%, 12,5%, dan 10,0%. Proporsi anak dengan kebersihan gigi kategori baik meningkat dari 22,5% menjadi 80,0%. Temuan deskriptif ini menunjukkan bahwa edukasi yang disertai latihan dan pendampingan keluarga berpotensi memperkuat peran orang tua. Pembiasaan menyikat gigi dua kali sehari dan pemantauan berkala perlu dipertahankan melalui kolaborasi keluarga, sekolah, dan tenaga kesehatan gigi.

Keywords

Anak berkebutuhan khusus, kebersihan gigi, orang tua, pendidikan kesehatan, PHPM

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References

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