Associations of physical activity, energy intake, and dietary fiber intake with body mass index among adults in the Minanga Public Health Center, Manado City, Indonesia

Christin Natalia Lalamentik* -  Master of Science in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Widya Rahmawati -  Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Fuadiyah Nila Kurniasari -  Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
DOI : 10.30867/action.v11i3.3339

In Indonesia, obesity continues to pose a pressing public health challenge shaped by both behavioral patterns and dietary habits. This study aimed to examine the relationship between physical activity, energy intake, dietary fiber intake, and selected sociodemographic characteristics and body mass index (BMI) among adults in the Minanga Public Health Center catchment area, Manado City, Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 95 adults from the Minanga Public Health Center catchment area, Manado City, Indonesia, between January and March 2025, with participants recruited through purposive sampling. Physical activity levels were quantified in MET-min/week using the Indonesian-validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and habitual dietary intake was captured using a validated Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests, Spearman correlation, and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis. Results: Physical activity and dietary fiber intake showed inverse associations with BMI, whereas energy intake was positively associated with BMI. In the multivariate model, physical activity (β = −0.405; p < 0.001), energy intake (β = 0.633; p < 0.001), and dietary fiber intake (β = −0.452; p < 0.001) retained independent significance, with the model accounting for 75.1% of the variance in BMI (adjusted R² = 0.742). In conclusion, physical activity, energy intake, and dietary fiber intake independently predicted BMI in this population, providing evidence to guide obesity prevention efforts in primary care settings.

Keywords : Body mass index, dietary fiber, energy intake, physical activity

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Open Access Copyright (c) 2026 Christin Natalia Lalamentik, Widya Rahmawati, Fuadiyah Nila Kurniasari
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AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal
Published by: Department of Nutrition at the Health Polytechnic of Aceh, Ministry of Health.
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