The relationship between nutrition adequacy level, physical activity, and pregnancy outcomes in mothers and infants

Hamidah Aula Rusydiana* -  Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Mira Dewi -  Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Hadi Riyadi -  Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Lilik Kustiyah -  Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
DOI : 10.30867/action.v8i2.883

Supp. File(s): common.other common.other common.other common.other common.other common.other

Pregnancy outcomes are affected by many factors: nutrition and physical activity. This study aims to determine the relationship between physical activity and nutritional adequacy level of pregnant women in the third trimester with pregnancy outcomes, namely maternal fasting blood glucose levels, blood pressure and amniotic fluid volume, and baby's birth weight and length. An observational study on a cohort was conducted on 34 pregnant women in their third trimester and followed until delivery in the Ciampea sub-district, Bogor, Indonesia. The data were processed through descriptive analysis for each variable. Bivariate tests between the predictor and outcome variables were performed using Pearson's correlation and Multiple Regression at 95% CI. Based on multiple regression analysis, we found that the samples' fasting blood glucose in the third trimester was predicted to be 36,9% positively affected by pre-pregnancy body mass index (b= 2,521; p= 0,009) and total physical activity during the third trimester (b= 0,055; p= 0,006). In conclusion, the nutritional adequacy level of macronutrients in the third trimester has not yet significantly affected pregnancy outcomes in this study. It is suggested that pregnant women should avoid prolonged sedentary activity and increase appropriate exercise to achieve maternal health and improve birth outcomes.

Supplement Files

Keywords : Nutrient Adequacy, Physical activity, Pregnancy outcome

  1. Chiu, C.-H., Ko, M.-C., Wu, L.-S., Yeh, D.-P., Kan, N.-W., Lee, P.-F., Hsieh, J.-W., Tseng, C.-Y., & Ho, C.-C. (2017). Benefits of different intensity of aerobic exercise in modulating body composition among obese young adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 15(1), 168. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-017-0743-4
  2. Cox, C. E. (2017). Role of physical activity for weight loss and weight maintenance. Diabetes Spectrum, 30(3), 157–160. https://doi.org/10.2337/ds17-0013
  3. Gebregziabher, D., Berhe, H., Kassa, M., & Berhanie, E. (2019). Level of physical activity and associated factors during pregnancy among women who gave birth in Public Zonal Hospitals of Tigray. BMC Research Notes, 12(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4496-5.
  4. Gultom, S., Baharuddin, B., Ampera, D., Fibriasari, H., & Sembiring, N. (2021). Profile of student physical fitness level of sports science study program: relationship between nutrition status and learning achievement during COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 10(1), 100–112. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.2115
  5. Hailemariam, T. T., Gebregiorgis, Y. S., Gebremeskel, B. F., Haile, T. G., & Spitznagle, T. M. (2020). Physical activity and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: facility-based cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-2777-6
  6. Hulley, S. B., Cummings, S. R., Browner, W. S., Grady, D., & Newman, T. B. (2013). Designing Clinical Research: An Epidemiologic Approach (4 th). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  7. Kelley, G. A., Kelley, K. S., & Pate, R. R. (2017). Exercise and BMI z -score in overweight and obese children and adolescents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Evid Based Med., 10(2), 108–128. https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.12228
  8. Kemenkes RI. (2018b). Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018. In Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan.
  9. Khojasteh, F., Arbabisarjou, A., Boryri, T., Safarzadeh, A., & Pourkahkhaei, M. (2016). The relationship between maternal employment status and pregnancy outcomes. Global Journal of Health Science, 8(9), 37–43. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n9p37
  10. Legesse, M., Ali, J. H., Manzar, M. D., Salahuddin, M., & Hassen, H. Y. (2020). Level of physical activity and other maternal characteristics during the third trimester of pregnancy and its association with birthweight at term in South Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study. PloS One, 15(7), e0236136. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236136
  11. Lismana, O., & Suwarni. (2021). Pengaruh latihan SKJ 2018 terhadap kebugaran jasmani siswi Madrasah Aliyah Ja-alHaq di Kota Bengkulu. Educative Sportive, 1(1), 5–10. https://doi.org/10.33258/edusport.v2i01.1373
  12. Mahastuti, F., Rahfiludin, Z., & Suroto. (2018). Hubungan tingkat kecukupan gizi, aktivitas fisik dan kadar hemoglobin dengan kebugaran jasmani. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (e-Journal), 6(1), 458–466. https://doi.org/10.14710/jkm.v6i1.19907
  13. Mi Xianga, Zhiruo Zhanga, & Keisuke Kuwahara. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on children and adolescents’ lifestyle behavior larger than expected. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 63(1), 531–532.
  14. Nasiri-Amiri, F., Sepidarkish, M., Shirvani, M. A., Habibipour, P., & Tabari, N. S. M. (2019). The effect of exercise on the prevention of gestational diabetes in obese and overweight pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, 11(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-019-0470-6.
  15. Nasrulsyah, C., Ichwansyah, F., Hermansyah, H., Abdullah, A., & Zahara, M. (2022). Pengaruh kebugaran, IMT dan umur terhadap risiko diabetes melitus pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal, 7(2), 205–213. https://doi.org/10.30867/action.v7i2.891
  16. Pascoal, M. E., Imbar, H. S., & Tomastola, Y. (2015). Efek status gizi dan aktivitas fisik terhadap kebugaran siswa sekolah dasar di daerah pesisir Pantai Kota Manado. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 9(2), 94–104.
  17. Pascoal, M. E., & Purnomo, S. (2010). Hubungan antara status gizi dengan tingkat kesegaran jasmani dan aktifitas fisik pada siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri Desa Buku Kecamatan Belang Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. INFOKES-Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 4(2), 89–95.
  18. Rafiun, A., & Yamin, M. (2022). Pengaruh senam poco-poco terhadap tingkat kebugaran jasmani siswa kelas V SDN 03 Sila. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga, 01(01), 14–17.
  19. Rahmad, A. H. Al. (2021). Faktor risiko obesitas pada guru sekolah perempuan serta relevansi dengan PTM selama pandemi Covid-19. Amerta Nutrition, 5(1), 31–40. https://doi.org/10.2473/amnt.v5i1.2021.
  20. Raistenskis, J., Sidlauskiene, A., Strukcinskiene, B., Uğur Baysal, S., & Buckus, R. (2016). Physical activity and physical fitness in obese, overweight, and normal-weight children. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 46(2), 443–450. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1411-119
  21. Sari, F. K. (2018). Perbandingan pengaruh latihan senam poco-poco dan latihan senam ayo bersatu. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Setia Budhi, 1(2), 109–116.
  22. Sepriadi. (2017). The differences of physical fitness levels between poor and excessive nutritional status. The 1st Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sports Science., October, 52. http://repository.unp.ac.id/id/eprint/11373
  23. Silva, F. M., Duarte-Mendes, P., Rusenhack, M. C., Furmann, M., Nobre, P. R., Fachada, M. Â., Soares, C. M., Teixeira, A., & Ferreira, J. P. (2020). Objectively measured sedentary behavior and physical fitness in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(22), 8660. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228660
  24. Soares, F. F. (2013). Relationship between physical fitness and utritional status in a Portuguese sample of school adolescents. Journal of Obesity & Weight Loss Therapy, S3(05), 3–5. https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.1000190
  25. Stevens, B., Buettner, P., Watt, K., Clough, A., Brimblecombe, J., & Judd, J. (2015). The effect of balanced protein energy supplementation in undernourished pregnant women and child physical growth in low‐and middle‐income countries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 11(4), 415–432. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12183
  26. Suza, D. E., Miristia, V., & Hariati, H. (2020). Physical activities and incidence of obesity among adolescent in Medan, Indonesia. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 8(E), 198–203. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4225
  27. Swift, D. L., McGee, J. E., Earnest, C. P., Carlisle, E., Nygard, M., & Johannsen, N. M. (2018). The effects of exercise and physical activity on weight loss and maintenance. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 61(2), 206–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.014
  28. Tremblay, M. S., Aubert, S., Barnes, J. D., Saunders, T. J., Carson, V., Latimer-Cheung, A. E., Chastin, S. F. M., Altenburg, T. M., & Chinapaw, M. J. M. (2017). Sedentary behavior research network (SBRN)–terminology consensus project process and outcome. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0525-8
  29. Usrina, N., Abdurrahman, F. Bin, Abdullah, A., Zakaria, R., & Maidar, M. (2021). Pengaruh asupan energi dan protein ibu hamil selama trimester III terhadap keluaran kehamilan: studi kohort. Sel Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan, 8(2), 86–97.
  30. Wahyuningsih, R., & Pratiwi, I. G. (2019). Hubungan aktifitas fisik dengan kejadian kegemukan pada remaja di Jurusan Gizi Politeknik Kesehatan Mataram. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal, 4(2), 163–167. https://doi.org/10.30867/action.v4i2.180
  31. Waksmańska, W., Bobiński, R., Ulman-Włodarz, I., & Pielesz, A. (2020). The differences in the consumption of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in the diet of pregnant women diagnosed with arterial hypertension or arterial hypertension and hypothyroidism. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 20(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2711-y
  32. WHO. (2018). More active people for a healthier world: global action plan on physical activity 2018-2030. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/272722
  33. WHO. (2020). WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240015128
  34. Yani, M., Azhari, A., Ilzana, T. M., & Bastian, F. (2022). Korelasi status gizi dengan kebugaran calon atlit olahraga sepeda (Talent scouting). AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal, 7(2), 214–220. https://doi.org/10.30867/action.v7i2.822
  35. Yulianti, A., Damayati, R. P., & Rosiana, N. M. (2017). Kebugaran jasmani dan prestasi belajar anak Sekolah Dasar. Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian, November, 5–9. https://publikasi.polije.ac.id/index.php/prosiding/article/view/746
  36. Zhou, T., Zhai, X., Wu, N., Koriyama, S., Wang, D., Jin, Y., Li, W., Sawada, S. S., & Fan, X. (2022). Changes in physical fitness during covid-19 pandemic lockdown among adolescents: a longitudinal study. Healthcare, 10(2), 351. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020351

Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 Hamidah Aula Rusydiana, Mira Dewi, Hadi Riyadi, Lilik Kustiyah
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal
Published by: Department of Nutrition at the Health Polytechnic of Aceh, Ministry of Health.
Soekarno-Hatta Street, No. 168. Health Polytechnic of Aceh, Aceh Besar, 23352. Telp/Fax: 0651 46126 / 0651 46121.
Website: https://gizipoltekkesaceh.ac.id/
E-mail: [email protected]

e-issn: 2548-5741, p-issn: 2527-3310

All content is licensed under a: Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International License

View My Stats

Get a feed by atom here, RRS2 here and OAI Links here