Uji organoleptik dan kandungan gizi cookies moricorn (moringa oleifera, jagung, dan kacang tanah) sebagai alternatif camilan remaja

Abstract

Background: Inadequate nutritional intake during adolescence can lead to various health problems, such as anemia and obesity. The urgency of this research is due to unhealthy snacking habits in adolescents and the lack of vegetable and fruit consumption, which results in anemia at a prevalence of up to 15.5%, and the high prevalence of central obesity and being overweight in adolescents, at 14.8%. The use of local foods such as moringa, which is high in iron, peanuts as an alternative source of protein, and corn as a source of carbohydrates can be an alternative complex snack for adolescents with optimal nutritional content.

Objectives: This study aimed to create a formula for “moringa oleifera, corn, and peanut” cookies made from a mixture of moringa flour, corn flour, and peanuts as a healthy snack alternative for teenagers.

Methods: This experimental study was conducted in the Food Processing and Dietetics Laboratory of the Bachelor of Nutrition Study Program in 2025. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 combined formulations, namely substitution of moringa flour: corn flour: peanuts with formula 1 (F1 = 5%: 65%: 30%), formula 2 (F2 = 10%: 60%: 30%) formula 3 (F3 = 15%: 55%: 30%). Furthermore, a hedonic test was carried out based on color, aroma, taste, texture and overal with a total of 30 panelists. Nutritional content was determined using the Indonesian Food Composition Table of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2020. The hedonic test was the Kruskal Wallis test and the Mann Whitney advanced testusing the SPSS application.

Results: Organoleptic test results revealed the highest average value for color parameters in F1 (3.20 ± 0.664), aroma in F2 (2.87 ± 0.629), taste in F1 (3.47 ± 0.629), aroma in F1 (2.8 ± 0.59), texture in F2 (3.03 ± 0.718), and overall in F1 (3.30 ± 0.596). The Kruskal–Wallis test revealed differences in the treatment of F1, F2, and F3 in terms of color, taste, and overall parameters. Further Mann-Whitney tests showed that there were significant differences in colour parameters (p <0.05) in F1 and F2, F1 and F3, taste parameters (p <0.05) in F1 and F3, F2 and F3 and overall (p <0.05) in F1 and F3, F2 and F3. The nutritional value of every 6 grams of cookies (1 piece) in F1 is 53.61 kcal of energy, 1.65 g of protein, 3.02 g of fat, 7.86 g of carbohydrates, and 0.39 mg of iron.

Conclusion: The formulation of "moricorn" cookies (M. oleifera, corn, and peanut) showed significant differences in color, flavor, and overall performance. The cookie with the best formulation, F1, can be used as a nutritious snack alternative for teenagers, especially as a source of additional energy and iron.