Hubungan citra tubuh dan status gizi dengan kejadian kekurangan energi kronik (KEK) pada remaja perempuan di Kabupaten Pati

Author(s): Christantya Vita Rena Nugroho, Sri Mulyani, Lilik Wijayanti
DOI: 10.30867/gikes.v7i2.3267

Abstract

Background: Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among adolescent girls remains a crucial nutritional problem in Indonesia. The 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI) reported that the prevalence of CED among adolescents ages 10–14 was 71.7% whilst among those ages 15–19 it was 41.9%. Pati Regency as one of the districts in Central Java has been recorded to have a high prevalence rate of CED among adolescent girls reaching 40%. Chronic Energy Deficiency in adolescent girls may be influenced by internal factors from psychological aspects namely body image and from nutritional aspects namely nutritional status. These factors may interact with one another thereby increasing the potential for the occurrence of CED among adolescent girls. If CED in adolescence is not treated promptly, it will increase the risk of developing CED during pregnancy as well thereby leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, miscarriage, congenital abnormalities, stillbirth, and even neonatal death.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between body image and nutritional status with Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among adolescent girls in Pati Regency.

Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional research design. The sampling technique utilized a combination of purposive sampling and cluster random sampling with a total of 130 female students as respondents. Body image was assessed using the instrument of Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-16B), nutritional status was measured using the Body Mass Index-for-Age (BMI/A) index, and Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) was measured using a MUAC tape. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test, Mann-Whitney, and Binary Logistic Regression.

Results: The majority of adolescent girls were classified as non-Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) accounting for 106 respondents (81.5%). Most adolescent girls had a positive body image comprising 73 respondents (56.2%). Nutritional status among adolescent girls was predominantly good with 103 respondents (79.2%). The results of the bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between body image and CED, as well as a significant relationship between nutritional status and CED (p <0.05). The multivariate analysis examining the relationship between body image and nutritional status with CED yielded a Nagelkerke R Square value of 0.129 where body image acts as a risk factor of CED with an OR value of 5.373 (95% CI: 1.647-17.526),

Conclusion: The determinants of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among adolescent girls are multifactorial, encompassing internal factors from psychological aspects namely body image and from nutritional aspects namely nutritional status.

Keywords

(CED), Body Image, Nutritional Status, Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC)

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30867/gikes.v7i2.3267

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