Lingkar pinggang, frekuensi konsumsi makanan berisiko, intensitas food craving, dan status gizi mahasiswa UPN “Veteran” Jakarta sebelum dan saat Ramadan

Author(s): Charisa Sindy Vergianti, Avliya Quratul Marjan, Utami Wahyuningsih, Ibnu Malkan Bakhrul Ilmi
DOI: 10.30867/gikes.v7i3.3311

Abstract

Background: Ramadan fasting changes meal timing and may be accompanied by changes in dietary habits, food cravings, and nutritional status.

Objectives: To examine differences in waist circumference, frequency of consuming sweet, salty, and fatty foods, food craving intensity, and nutritional status before and during Ramadan, and to assess their associations with nutritional status.

Methods: This short-term longitudinal observational study was conducted at UPN “Veteran” Jakarta from December 2025 to June 2026. The same 106 students, selected by purposive sampling, were assessed two weeks before Ramadan and on day 14 of Ramadan. Assessments included anthropometry, a food frequency questionnaire, and an adapted Food Craving Questionnaire–Trait. Paired tests assessed differences, and chi-square or exact tests assessed associations.

Results: The proportion with at-risk waist circumference rose from 24.5% to 26.4%. The proportions reporting frequent consumption of sweet, salty, and fatty foods and high food craving intensity increased. Paired analyses showed differences in nutritional status (p = 0.047), sweet food (p = 0.049), salty food (p = 0.034), and fatty food consumption (p = 0.002), and food craving intensity (p = 0.044). The difference in waist circumference was not statistically significant (p = 0.567). Waist circumference, consumption frequency for each food group, and food craving intensity were associated with nutritional status at both time points (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Nutritional status, food consumption frequency, and food craving intensity differed between assessments. Waist circumference, food consumption frequency, and food craving intensity were associated with nutritional status at both time points.

Keywords

Anthropometry, food consumption, food craving, Ramadan fasting, university students

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References

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30867/gikes.v7i3.3311

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