Nutrition-sensitive determinants of feeding program uptake among urban pregnant women: Indonesia Health Survey 2023

Author(s): Afifa Putri Gustyani, Rina Kurniasri Kusumaratna
DOI: 10.30867/gikes.v7i2.3163

Abstract

Background: Maternal nutrition is a critical determinant of pregnancy outcomes in Indonesia. While most studies emphasize nutrition‑specific interventions, limited evidence exists on how nutrition‑sensitive determinants influence access to supplementary feeding programs among pregnant women.

Objectives: This study examined the role of socioeconomic, maternal, service, and environmental factors in shaping PMT uptake among urban pregnant women using nationally representative data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI).

Methods: This study used secondary data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI) with an observational analytic cross‑sectional design. The analysis included household data and 26,651 urban pregnant women, with the uptake of the Supplementary Feeding Program as the dependent variable. Associations were tested using chi-square and prevalence ratios, followed by multivariate logistic regression to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results: Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between supplementary feeding uptake and maternal, socioeconomic, and health service factors. However, in the multivariate model, only household economic status (AOR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.30–1.50), receipt of social assistance (AOR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.25–1.45), and pregnancy risk (AOR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.15–1.35) were significant predictors. Environmental and service-related factors lost their significance after adjustment.

Conclusion: Supplementary feeding uptake among urban pregnant women is primarily influenced by socioeconomic vulnerability and pregnancy risk. These findings provide policy relevance to guide the integration of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive approaches within national stunting reduction strategies and the Sustainable Development Goals.

Keywords

Nutrition‑sensitive determinants, Pregnant women, Supplementary feeding program, Indonesia Health Survey 2023

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References

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30867/gikes.v7i2.3163

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